Kate Taylor
Business Insider/Alyson Shontell
Guinness has come a long way since the brewery was founded in 1759.
257 years later, the brand is one of the most iconic beers in the world — and believes the best is yet to come.
Here are some of the highlights of Guinness’ incredible journey from a local brewery to international icon.
In
1759, Arthur Guinness signed a 9,000-year lease for a property at St.
James Gate in Dublin that would become Guinness Brewery.
"We talk about being 257 years young, because there is still 8,743 years left on the brewery lease," says Eibhlin
Roche, Guinness’ archivist.
Guinness maintains the lease in its archives, complete with Arthur’s signature.
In 1799, Arthur decided to start focusing on a new, darker beer: the porter.
In the early days, ales were the go-to beer for brewers. These
beers were intended to stay pretty local, with recipes that were
tweaked depending on if they were intended for Dublin or wider Ireland
and England.
"[Arthur] had been brewing it since
the 1770s, as had other Dublin brewers, but he was was the first Dublin
brewer to decide, ‘I’m going to stop brewing what everyone has been
traditionally brewing and enjoying — I’m so convinced of my recipe for
this new style of beer, that’s all I’m going to brew,’" says Roche.
Soon after, the Guinness family brewed its first international beer.
The
West India Porter — a precursor to the modern Guinness Foreign Extra
Stout — was created in 1801 as the first beer intended to travel
overseas. The beer was hoppier, allowing it to keep during long voyages.
By the 19th century, Guinness was everywhere.
The
beer made it to the US by 1817, Africa by 1827, and Australia by 1858 —
just 70 years after the first British ships landed on the continent to
establish a penal colony.
In the 1880s, Guinness was the largest brewery in the world.
Courtesy of Guinness Storehouse
Forget staying small — Guinness was determined to go big, with the annual production of 1.2 million barrels.
The brewery was a crucial part of Dublin’s economy.
Courtesy of Guinness Storehouse
An
estimated one in 30 citizens of the city were dependent on the brewery
for their livelihood by 1930. Roche says the brewery was the "Google of
150 years ago," providing health care, pensions, and housing for
employees.
The 20th century brought about a new era of advertising.
The
first Guinness ad was released in 1929. After the advertisment’s
success, artist John Gilroy was responsible for the long-running
campaigns ‘Guinness is Good for You’ and ‘My Goodness, My Guinness.’
Guinness did not actually debut its famous Guinness Draught until 1959.
Business Insider/Alyson Shontell
Pairing
nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide was a tricky puzzle to solve. After the
Draught debuted, however, the draft beer quickly became Guinness’
top-selling beer.
Still, it took nearly 30 more years to figure out how to can Guinness.
Melissa Stanger / Business Insider
The solution was the “widget”
— a ping pong ball-esque piece of plastic that adds pressurized
nitrogen to the brew. When you open a can of Guinness, the widget
squirts nitrogen gas into the beer, giving it the thick, creamy head
you’d get straight from the tap.
Today, Guinness is looking back at its history for inspiration for new brews.
As part of
The Brewers Project, a group of Guinness brewers are
working with archivists to create new recipes and reinterpret old ones,
such as the Dublin Porter and West India Porter.
"It’s not history for history’s
sake, or just keeping it because it’s 200 years old," says Roche. "It’s
using history to innovate."
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