By Joel Hruska
For nearly a decade, starting with the Cortex-A8,
ARM
has been driving ever-higher performance in mobile just as Intel (and
to a lesser extent, AMD) once did in the PC space. In less than 10
years, we’ve seen ARM move from 32-bit to 64-bit, roll out vastly more
efficient CPUs at the high-end and the low-end, and move from
single-core chips to CPU clusters with up to eight cores in a big.Little
configuration, with a load balancer sophisticated enough to move
workloads on to all eight cores and juggle them according to where
they’ll do the most good.
Now, ARM is detailing the next stage in its product evolution. Dubbed
DynamIQ, the CPU developer has created a CPU design that expands the
idea of big.Little to a much larger array of products, while increasing
the kinds of workloads ARM’s new CPUs can handle.
Here’s how ARM describes its own DynamIQ technology:
The introduction of DynamIQ is an evolutionary step
forward for ARM big.LITTLE technology which revolutionized multi-core
characteristics for our primary compute devices when launched in 2011.
DynamIQ big.LITTLE carries on the ‘right processor for the right task’
approach and enables configurations of big and LITTLE processors on a
single compute cluster which were previously not possible. For example,
1+3 or 1+7 DynamIQ big.LITTLE configurations with substantially more
granular and optimal control are now possible. This boosts innovation in
SoCs designed with right-sized compute with heterogeneous processing
that deliver meaningful AI performance at the device itself.
Other upcoming features include dedicated processing instructions for
AI and machine learning, with an expected 50x boost in AI performance
over the next 3-5 years, relative to the
Cortex-A73.
While that sounds impressive, a large chunk of the improvement would
almost certainly come from ARM giving its own CPUs the ability to
operate on, say, 8x the 8-bit operations or one 64-bit operation. Toss
in some new SIMD instructions, faster memory and caches, and the
intrinsic advantages of a new CPU core designed five years hence, and
it’s no longer crazy to think ARM could deliver a performance advantage
that huge in specific workloads in such a short period of time (subject,
of course, to power and thermal constraints).
ARM is also including new multi-core flexibility for spreading
workloads to the cores where they are best suited. There are a much
wider range of cores that can theoretically be incorporated, and users
no longer have to pick between pairs of cores to use the option.
The company also plans to faster task migration, increased
efficiency from shared memory blocks, and to implement big.Little in a
single cluster rather than splitting these blocks into their own
separate clusters.
ARM was light on the specific details of how DynamIQ would
be implemented or when we can expect to see it in-market, but the
company clearly isn’t standing still when it comes to innovating on its
mobile hardware. Like Intel, Qualcomm, Nvidia, and pretty much everyone
else, it hopes to drive its products into self-driving vehicles and
other robotics over the next decade.
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