New breathalyser technology could streamline testing for bowel cancer.
A collaboration between Callaghan Innovation, Otago University, a
British university and a tech company in Christchurch will start trials
across New Zealand.
Callaghan Innovation principal research scientist Joseph Deer said the
non-invasive technique could be eventually integrated at a GP level
which would alleviate the stretched resources in colonoscopy bowel
screening.
"Basically somebody just breathes into this mask and these tubes or bags
collect the breath, and that gets sent to a centralised lab and it gets
analysed. And there are particular compounds we call them biomarkers
which are present - they've discovered a whole panel of things that are
present in people who have cancer."
Deer said the biomarkers could identify cancer more accurately than
current bowel screening tests and home kits which test the amount of
blood in the faeces.
"In this test, you detected it [blood] in faeces. So if you have a high
amount of haemoglobin in your faeces, it's an indication that your
bowels are being perforated and therefore you've got a tumour or
something's not right."
However, it's not a direct indicator that someone has bowel cancer, as
there are other ways blood can get into the faeces, he said.
Deer said commonly, bowel cancer was picked up in the later stages, but the biomarkers would identify it earlier.
Using this technology would reduce the number of people needing invasive
colonoscopies, and decrease the load on already stretched resources, he
said.
The study comes as a national bowel cancer screening programme is being
rolled out across New Zealand, with at least 180,000 people over the age
of 60 screened since it started in mid-2017, with 400 cancers
discovered and hundreds of potentially cancerous polyps removed in that
time.
The programme combined with greater public awareness has however led to a
45 percent increase in diagnostic colonoscopies in five years, with
former president of the Gastroenterology Society Michael Schultz saying
about 50 more specialists would be needed.
It could give people who had already battled the disease and still
required regular screening some hope of earlier detection, without
suffering through colonoscopies or painful procedures.
Deer said it had already been trialled in the UK, where thousands of people had been tested over two years.
The key technology used in the breathalyser is designed and made in
Christchurch. It also has the capabilities of identifying other cancers.
Deer said this technology could prove useful for regions like Southland
and South Otago where there were limited resources and facilities for
bowel screening.
The project is already in discussions with Capital and Coast, and
Canterbury District Health Boards, to see where it could fit at a
clinical level.
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