Minor spoilers ahead for Crazy Rich Asians.
With the new romantic dramedy Crazy Rich Asians, based on the
bestselling novel by Kevin Kwan, Warner Bros. is making a rare venture
into films with an all-Asian cast. But the Asian romantic comedy is
already a wildly popular genre that’s spawned a variety of online fan
communities, and it comes with its own set of heavily used tropes, such
as buffoonish gangsters who hold the female lead for ransom, or a male
lead who gets into a car accident and ends up with amnesia. One of the
most common tropes, the evil mother-in-law, appears in Crazy Rich
Asians, but the filmmakers subvert it in a quietly revolutionary way,
transforming the portrayal of Asian women in Western media. The
characters in Crazy Rich Asians are familiar types, but they aren’t the
usual American clichés of tiger moms, dragon ladies, or sexualized
cardboard characters. They’re a little more human than that, which is
unusual and welcome.
Crazy Rich Asians introduces a familiar premise from those Asian films
and TV shows: ultra-rich young heir Nick (Henry Golding) falls for NYU
professor Rachel (Fresh Off the Boat’s Constance Wu) and brings her home
to Singapore to meet his extended family, but his mother Eleanor
(Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon star Michelle Yeoh) disapproves of
Rachel, and sees her as too independent and American. This is a common
plot for popular Asian dramas like Boys Over Flowers, an iconic Korean
series based off a Japanese manga and adapted into many forms, including
the new Netflix original series Meteor Garden.
In the standard Asian-drama version of the trope, a rich man takes an
interest in a woman from a poorer background, and they fall in love.
When he brings her to meet his family, his evil mother decides the woman
isn’t wealthy enough, and plots to keep the two separated, often using
bribery, bullying, and even reintroducing the man to his long-lost
childhood crush. His young love interest is intimidated, and realizes
she can never fit in with this rich family. And the man is forced to
choose between his snarky mother-in-law and his soon-to-be wife.
Inevitably, he chooses the wife, and wins her back.
"Rachel gets to choose whether to marry Nick or let him go"
Crazy Rich Asians changes the dynamic largely by fleshing out the
characters, and shifting the balance of power to the female lead rather
than her boyfriend. Director Jon M. Chu and screenwriters Peter
Chiarelli and Adele Lim have all said in past interviews that in their
film, they gave the agency to Rachel, not Nick. In the end, Rachel is
the one faced with the decision of whether to marry Nick or let him go
so he can maintain ties with his beloved mom.
Lim, who Chu brought on to add cultural authenticity and a female
perspective to Chiarelli’s script, explained at a talk after a Writers
Guild of America screening that giving Rachel the power in the story was
important because of the established power dynamics of a middle-class
woman coming into an immensely wealthy family. “You want to make sure
that she’s got agency in her decisions. So ultimately, what it became,
it wasn’t about, ‘Does the guy choose me or his family?’ It had to be
that Rachel made the decision, she was the one who had the card and gave
it away. And so it was her decision to make, and it was heartbreaking
for her to do. It wasn’t an easy or glib thing, but she did it out of
love, and out of respect and honor for this world that she’d been
brought into.”
"In Kevin Kwan’s novel, his version of Eleanor is a shallow adversary"
But the director and screenwriters didn’t want to lose touch with
Eleanor, either. As the antagonist of Kwan’s novel, Eleanor is more
clearly a shallow adversary who spends much of her time scheming against
Rachel, and snooping through her family details. Kwan’s version of the
character feels like she was transposed from a drama like Boys Over
Flowers or School 2017 — she’s willing to go to horrendous depths to see
her son maintain his social status and wealth.
Yeoh told Chu, according to IndieWire, that she refused to take the role
if the film portrayed Eleanor as so conniving. “‘If you expect me to be
a villain the way she is in the book, then I’m not doing this movie,’”
Chu recounted Yeoh saying, “‘I can’t be mustache-twirling. I need to
make this person a full human being, and I’m going to defend our culture
in the best way possible, and you defend the American culture, and
we’ll let the audience decide.’”
“Eleanor was very representative of some of the most beautiful women
I’ve met in Asia who take a second seat, because that’s how you manage
your husband’s position in the society,” Yeoh told The Hollywood
Reporter. “And I don’t think it’s just Chinese women — I think it’s very
universal to be self-sacrificing, first to your husband, and then to
your children.”
That meant that Crazy Rich Asians ends up not only being an opportunity
for Asian-Americans to see themselves represented on-screen as
positively and vividly as they are in Asian media, but also for Asian
characters to be reflected in a more feminist and appreciative light.
Lim added more culturally specific scenes where the characters gather to
craft dumplings or confront each other over mahjong. Eleanor becomes
not a mustache-twirling villain, but a respectable matriarch with her
own hardships and desires. She shares tender moments with Nick
on-screen, and faces humiliation from her own mother-in-law, Ah Ma (Lisa
Lu, The Joy Luck Club).
Those moments are crucial for painting Eleanor as not just another
judgemental mother-in-law trope, but a more fully realized woman,
defending previous generations’ cultural values. While Asia can be
deeply patriarchal, it also has its outspoken, confident women, like
some of the legendary icons featured on the film soundtrack. As Chu said
in an interview with the LA Times, Crazy Rich Asians offers role models
for Asian women in ways that other stories don’t. “I think about my
daughter who was just born a year ago, and the world I want her to live
in,” Chu said. “I want her to live in a world where she’s seeing
Constance Wu, Michelle Yeoh and Lisa Lu be these strong independent
people that don’t need a man in their life to be fulfilled, and that
love themselves and know that they’re worth every inch of their
existence, and can be anything and do whatever they want.”
"“We usually see Chinese people ... as ancient and in this other time.”"
Stories about growing up as a second- or third-generation Asian
immigrant often focus on the culture clashes between America’s focus on
individual freedom and the personal “pursuit of happiness,” and the way
Asian traditions value self-sacrifice and respect the family, in order
to benefit future generations. The clash can leave younger generations
bitter. Chu told IndieWire that he wanted to push back against the
clichéd depiction of traditional Asian culture in film, and treat them
more like glamorous old-Hollywood stars: “We usually see Chinese people,
Asian people as ancient, and in this other time, definitive time, and
it’s just not true. This idea that old, classic, Hollywood movies could
have starred Asians with just as much style, just as much pizzazz… I was
really excited to dip our whole movie into this color and this
vibrancy.”
And Eleanor is part of that vibrancy — she stands in the way of the
film’s central love story, but she does it as a stalwart defender of
Asian culture. While she tells Rachel that in her family, “we understand
how to build things that last,” sneering at the idea that people should
prioritize their own happiness over their family’s success, her
background lays out a compelling character story that gives her strong
emotional reasons for wanting to see Asian women stay in traditional
gender roles.
In the novel, Eleanor speaks of how much she has given up for her son’s
sake (“I haven’t sacrificed my whole life for you just to see you waste
everything on that girl&rdquo, but Nick laughs it off, saying, “I’m
not sure what you mean, when you’re sitting here at the chef’s table of
your twenty-million-dollar apartment.” Yet in the screenplay version,
that humiliating moment for Eleanor is turned into a triumphant
intimidation, as she towers over Rachel and denigrates her as unworthy
of Nick: “You will never be enough.”
"“This hold that parents have on their children...it comes from a place of deep devotion.”"
As Lim described it at the WGA talk, these character interactions depict
a common experience for young Asian women entering a new family, that
“every female in your family feels like they own you.” She told The
Hollywood Reporter, “This hold that parents have on their children is a
specifically Asian thing. It presents itself in really aggressive ways
sometimes, but it comes from a place of deep devotion.”
Crazy Rich Asians acknowledges often-seen aspects of traditional Asian
family culture —filial piety, notoriously mean in-laws, disdain for
outsiders and foreigners — andc couches them in emotional context and
understanding. It passes no judgment on whether Asian-Americans, in
taking steps away from their ancestors’ values, should feel guilty over
not meeting those standards, and it expands the evil mother-in-law trope
into a more humanized mom who’s painfully relatable. In the process,
Chu and his team attach a new flavor of cultural understanding to an old
genre that was in need of innovation.
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