The US Congress has begun rare Saturday sessions to try to break the
impasse over budget spending that has led to a partial shutdown of the
government.
The shutdown began at midnight on Friday after Democrats resisted
President Donald Trump's demands for $US5 billion for his Mexico border
wall.
There was little early progress on Saturday, with Mr Trump warning there could be "a long stay" in the talks.
And Democrats told the president: "You must abandon the wall."
Nine of 15 federal departments, including State, Homeland Security,
Transportation, Agriculture and Justice began partially shutting down
after funding for them lapsed at midnight local time.
Hundreds of thousands of federal employees will have to work unpaid or
are furloughed, a kind of temporary leave. This is the third time US
federal funding has lapsed so far this year, although the other two were
brief.
What's been happening on Saturday?
The Senate opened its session at about noon local time, with stark warnings from both Republicans and Democrats.
Republican majority leader Mitch McConnell said the "pause button" had
been pushed and that there would be no new Senate vote until he had a
signature from the president - and agreement from the Democrats - on a
budget deal.
Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer said a budget bill that had
passed the Republican-controlled House on Thursday approving $5.7bn of
funding for the wall would "never pass the Senate, not today, not next
week, not next year".
He added: "So Mr President, if you want to open the government, you must abandon the wall, plain and simple.
"The Senate is not interested in swindling American taxpayers for an unnecessary, ineffective and wasteful policy."
In a tweet on Saturday, Mr Trump said he was "working hard in the White
House" and would have lunch there with a "large group concerning border
security".
He said that "we are negotiating with the Democrats on desperately
needed border security" but that the talks "could be a long stay".
Some Republican lawmakers still hope there can be a deal, perhaps involving less money for the wall.
How did we get here?
On Wednesday, a bilateral deal appeared to have been agreed in the
Senate to keep federal agencies open until 8 February. But the agreement
did not include funding for the wall.
Mr Trump then dug his heels in over the issue after criticism from
conservative talk show hosts and other allies, and insisted that funds
for the wall must be included for him to sign the budget off.
The House then passed a bill with such funding, with Mr Trump well aware
the Democrats will be taking control of the legislature in January and
wall funding will stall.
But Mr Trump does not have the 60 votes in the 100-seat Senate he needs to get the House budget passed.
He earlier suggested that Mr McConnell should invoke the so-called "nuclear option" to break the impasse.
That would mean the bill could be approved in the Senate with a simple majority.
But Mr McConnell has repeatedly refused in the past to invoke such an extreme manoeuvre.
What does the shutdown mean?
About 380,000 government employees will be made to take temporary, unpaid leave.
Meanwhile, 420,000 employees working in essential roles - considered
necessary for the "protection of life and property" - will keep working,
without being paid.
In practice, this means that:
Customs and border staff will keep working, although their pay will be delayed. Airports will continue operating.
About 80 percent of National Parks employees will be sent home, and
parks could close - although some may stay open with limited staff and
facilities.
About 90 percent of housing department workers will take unpaid leave, which could delay loan processing and approvals.
Most of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) will be sent on unpaid leave, including those who assist taxpayers with queries.
The Food and Drug Administration will pause routine inspections but "continue vital activities".
The remaining 75 percent of the federal government is fully funded until
September 2019 - so the defence, veterans affairs, labour and education
departments are not affected.
Why does Mr Trump want the wall?
A strengthened southern border wall was a key election promise from Mr Trump.
On Friday he shared a graphic of his steel-slat design for the wall.
Later, he posted a video regarding the immigration row, where he said it was "very dangerous out there".
His address, which was spliced with footage that appeared to show
immigrants pushing down border fencing, cautioned about drugs and
violent gang members entering the country illegally.
During his campaign he insisted he would make Mexico pay for the wall, but the country has refused.
This week Mr Trump's supporters created a crowdfunding page for the
building process - an appeal that has so far raised more than $13m in
just four days.
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