Huawei is demanding Verizon Communications
Inc pay $1 billion to license the rights to patented technology,
signaling a p
otential shift in the embattled Chinese company’s strategy
for the U.S. market.
A Huawei executive made the demand in a February letter, a person
briefed on the matter told Reuters. The Wall Street Journal first
reported on the letter on Wednesday. The fee would cover licensing of
more than 230 patents.
Verizon spokesman Rich Young declined to comment “regarding this specific issue because it’s a potential legal matter.”
However, Young said, “These issues are larger than just Verizon. Given
the broader geopolitical context, any issue involving Huawei has
implications for our entire industry and also raise national and
international concerns.”
Huawei did not respond to a request for comment.
The following explains why the patent dispute is not unusual and how it could be resolved.
How common is patent licensing?
Patent licensing is very common, particularly in complex industries like
telecommunications. As technology has advanced, it has become harder to
avoid violating — or “infringing” — patent rights. There are millions
of U.S. patents in force, and a typical smartphone implicates hundreds
of thousands of them.
Companies like Apple Inc, Nokia Inc and Qualcomm Inc own many thousands of patents issued by governments around the world.
It is not unusual for these firms to try to make money from their
massive patent portfolios. Nokia, for example, routinely brings in more
than $1 billion a year from licensing its patents to others.
Large companies like Verizon will try to identify patents they might be
violating, said Gaston Kroub, a patent lawyer in New York. But that can
be a challenge because so many patents are granted every year, Kroub
said.
“Sophisticated companies like Verizon understand that they could be
approached by licensors of any stripe at any time,” Kroub said. The
philosophy of wireless carriers and smartphone companies, Kroub said,
can be “let’s deal with these claims as they arrive, because we don’t
know who will knock on our door next.”
Tom Cotter, a professor of patent law at the University of Minnesota,
said it was possible Huawei executives believe Verizon has been
infringing their U.S. patents for some time but for business reasons
waited until now to seek compensation.
Patent owners “may not enforce their patents for a period of time, but
they can choose do to so whenever they want to,” Cotter said. “It
happens all the time.”
What happens if Verizon does not pay?
Huawei may end up going to a U.S. court and suing Verizon for alleged patent infringement.
While some licensing disputes are resolved without lawsuits, litigation
is fairly common. Huawei and Samsung Electronics Co recently settled a
global legal battle on confidential terms.
A defendant in a patent case typically argues that it does not actually
infringe the asserted patents, or that they were mistakenly issued and
should be revoked.
In a lawsuit, a patent owner can ask a judge to block sales of
infringing products. While such injunctions are rarely granted in the
United States, the threat of one can motivate a defendant to settle with
the patent owner.
Legal experts said Huawei is likely prepared to go to court.
“I don’t know how you can make a demand of $1 billion and not be
prepared for the answer to be no, at least at first, and for the need to
litigate,” Kroub said.
Has Huawei been an aggressive enforcer of its patents?
Huawei has long been known for defending itself against U.S. patent
infringement claims, rather than bringing them. But that could be
changing.
George Koomullil, a patent analyst at Pleasanton, California-based
technology company Relecura, said that 10 or 15 years ago Huawei applied
for a relatively modest number of patents. But the company has been
more aggressive about applying for patents since around 2007, and
particularly in recent years, Koomullil said.
Huawei may be more inclined to monetize its U.S. patents now that the
U.S. government has limited its ability to sell products in the country,
Kroub said.
The National Defense Authorization Act last year placed a broad ban on
the use of federal money to purchase products from Huawei, citing
national security concerns.
Last month, the Trump administration banned Huawei from buying vital
U.S. technology without special approval and effectively barring its
equipment from U.S. telecom networks.
Kroub said Huawei’s licensing demand could reflect a “desperation to
come up with ways of generating revenue in the U.S. market, especially
considering the traditional ways of offering products and selling things
to business is closed to them.”
Franklin Turner, a government contracts lawyer at McCarter & English
in Washington, said the patent licensing demand may also be a way for
Huawei to “retaliate” against the United States.
Republican Senator Marco Rubio said on Twitter on Thursday that the
demand against Verizon was an “attempt by (Huawei) to retaliate against
the U.S. by setting the stage for baseless, but costly, patent claims.”
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